Title

Novel brainstem syndrome associated with prostate carcinoma

Author

Baloh RW; DeRossett SE; Cloughesy TF; Kuncl RW; Miller NR; Merrill J; Posner JB

Address

Department of Neurology, UCLA Medical Center

Source

Neurology, 43(12):2591-6 1993 Dec

Abstract

Two patients successfully treated for prostatic cancer developed a progressive neurologic syndrome beginning with loss of voluntary horizontal eye movements followed by severe, persistent muscle spasms of the face, jaw, and pharynx.  Both had mild gait unsteadiness, and one exhibited facial and abdominal myoclonus.  Extensive diagnostic studies, including MRIs of the brainstem (with and without contrast), were normal.  CSF examination showed mild pleocytosis and elevated IgG.  Quantitative eye movement recordings documented selective involvement of voluntary horizontal saccades with sparing of horizontal slow eye movements.  Neither patient had antineuronal antibodies in the blood.  Postmortem examination revealed perivascular chronic inflammatory cells and microglial infiltration of the pons and medulla.  One patient also had perivascular infiltrates in both mesial temporal lobes.  Neuronal loss was localized to the pontine tegmentum, the medullary sensory nuclei, and the cerebellum.  Brainstem motor nuclei were preserved.  The clinical and pathologic findings suggest an autoimmune process (probably paraneoplastic) with selective damage to a subpopulation of brainstem neurons critical for horizontal eye movements and recurrent inhibition of bulbar nuclei.

Language

English

Unique Identifier

94077382

MESH Headings

Adenocarcinoma *CO ; Aged ; Brain Stem */PA ; Case Report ; Encephalitis *CO/PA ; Human ; Male ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes *CO/PA ; Prostatic Neoplasms *CO

Publication Type

JOURNAL ARTICLE

ISSN

0028-3878

Country of Publication

UNITED STATES